Preface This is the tenth edition of CSA Z245.1, Steel pipe. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2014, 2007 (reaffirmed 2012), 2007, 2002, 1998, 1995, 1993, 1990, 1986, and 1982. The main changes introduced in this edition are the following: a) the toughness requirements for ERW heat affected zone and weld area have been revised; b) the macrohardness requirements for EW pipe have been revised; c) new requirements for elevated temperature service, including steam distribution service, have been added; d) the product analysis frequency requirements have been revised; e) a new test pressure calculation formula has been added for pressure testing involving an end- sealing ram; and f) the procedure for repair of defective welds by welding has been revised. This Standard covers the requirements for steel pipe intended to be used for transporting fluids as specified in CAN/CSA-Z662, Oil and gas pipeline systems. Scope 1.1 General This Standard covers seamless pipe, electric-welded pipe (flash-welded pipe and low-frequency electric- welded pipe excluded) and submerged-arc-welded pipe primarily intended for use in oil or gas pipeline systems. Notes: 1) Flash-welded pipe is pipe manufactured by a process using electric-resistance heating to produce a simultaneous coalescence over the entire area of the abutting edges and the application of pressure for joining. 2) Low frequency is less than 1 kHz. 1.2 Outside diameter, grade, and category Note: It is not intended that pipe be available in all combinations of size, grade, category, and manufacturing process. The individual pipe manufacturers should be consulted to ascertain the availability of specific pipe items. 1.2.1 Outside diameter This Standard covers pipe having specified outside diameters from 21.3 to 2032 mm. The standard outside diameters are given in Table B.1. 1.2.2 Grade For other than sour service, this Standard covers pipe from Grade 241 to Grade 825. For sour service, this Standard covers pipe from Grade 241 to Grade 483. Note: The standard grades are Grades 241, 290, 359, 386, 414, 448, 483, 550, 620, 690, and 825; however, intermediate grades may also be used. 1.2.3 Category This Standard covers pipe in the following categories: a) Category I: pipe without requirements for proven pipe body notch-toughness properties; b) Category II: pipe with requirements for proven pipe body notch-toughness properties in the form of energy absorption and fracture appearance; and c) Category III: pipe with requirements for proven pipe body notch-toughness properties in the form of energy absorption. 1.3 Terminology In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.