Preface This is the second edition of CSA Z259.16, Design of active fall-protection systems. It supersedes the previous edition published in 2004. It is part of the CSA Z259 series of Standards for components of personal fall-arrest systems. Changes in this edition include the following: a) Clarification of the scope; b) Updating the reference publications; c) Updating the definitions to reflect current usage and consistency in the CSA Z259 series of Standards; d) Revision to the clause on ballasted anchors; e) Design requirements have been clarified and harmonized with the ANSI/ASSE Z359 series; and f) The commentary in Annex A has been updated. CSA Group gratefully acknowledges the financial and in-kind support from the Canadian government departments responsible for occupational health and safety for the development of this edition. Scope 1.1 This Standard specifies requirements for the design and performance of complete active fall-protection systems, including travel-restraint and vertical and horizontal fall-arrest systems. This Standard is intended for engineers with expertise in designing fall-protection systems. 1.2 This Standard does not specify design or performance requirements for fall-arrest equipment or systems that have been manufactured in accordance with the requirements of an applicable CSA Z259 equipment standard. 1.3 This Standard is not to be used as a substitute for testing and certification of components of fall- protection equipment for which there is an applicable CSA Z259 equipment standard, unless the device is custom engineered for limited or site-specific applications. 1.4 This Standard does not cover the design of passive fall-protection systems such as guardrails and nets, except where such passive systems are also designed to serve as anchorage and/or anchorage connector subsystems for active fall-protection systems covered by this Standard. 1.5 This Standard does not cover the design of positioning systems. 1.6 This Standard does not cover the determination of structural strength and behaviour of components or anchorages of active fall-protection systems. It does, however, establish the safety criteria once the strengths and behaviours are known. Such strengths and behaviours are determined by analytical testing or engineering methods and by CSA Group or other design Standards for the materials and structural systems being used. 1.7 This Standard does not supersede the requirements of applicable occupational safety and health regulations. 1.8 The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only. 1.9 In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.