Preface This is the fourth edition of AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 ? North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for windows, doors, and skylights. It supersedes the previous edition published in 2011 under the same title. It is jointly published and maintained by the American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA), the Window & Door Manufacturers Association (WDMA), and CSA Group. The following significant changes from the previous edition of this Standard/Specification have been made: a) User Guide to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 has been integrated into this Standard/ Specification. b) Labels have been added to clause titles to indicate the type of performance requirement addressed by the clause. This Standard/Specification was developed as an advisory document and is published as a public service. AAMA, WDMA, CSA Group, the individual members of the CSA Technical Committee on Performance Standard for Windows, and the U.S.A./Canada Joint Document Management Group (JDMG) disclaim all liability for the use, application, or adaptation of the material published in this Standard/Specification. Intended users of this Standard/Specification include building officials, manufacturers, architects, engineers, consumers, builders, contractors, trade associations, test laboratories, specifiers, product evaluation and certification agencies, and government agencies. Two fundamental applications for this Standard/Specification are product comparison and code compliance. AAMA, WDMA and CSA Group intend for this Standard/Specification to be referenced in U.S. International Building Codes and in the National Building Code of Canada. This Standard/Specification presents provisions addressing fenestration product requirements, under the control of the unit manufacturer, contained in those codes. CSA A440S1 Canadian Supplement to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, NAFS ? North American Standard/Specification for windows, doors, and skylights provides additional requirements to this Standard/Specification for compliance in Canada. The Canadian Supplement is considered suitable for use for conformity assessment within the stated scope of the Standard/Specification. The Canadian Supplement was prepared by the CSA Group Technical Committee on the Performance Standard for Windows, under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Building Products and Systems, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee. Scope 1.1 General This fenestration Standard/Specification applies to both operating and fixed, new construction and replacement windows, doors, SSPs, TDDs, roof windows, and unit skylights installed into exterior building envelopes. This fenestration Standard/Specification establishes material-neutral, minimum, and optional performance requirements for windows, doors, SSPs, TDDs, roof windows, and unit skylights. This Standard/Specification concerns itself with the determination of Performance Grade (PG), design pressure (DP), and related performance ratings for windows, doors, SSPs, TDDs, roof windows, and unit skylights. Performance requirements are used in this Standard/Specification when possible. Prescriptive requirements are used when necessary. When products are tested to the gateway requirements, or to the gateway and optional requirements, a rating is determined and a test report may be issued. Certification procedures are not part of this Standard/Specification. This Standard/Specification applies to testing and rating products. The tested rating applies to products of identical construction, with width and height less than or equal to the tested size. 1.2 Outside of scope Various systems have been developed or are proposed for determining a product energy rating based on such factors as U-factor, solar heat gain coefficient, condensation resistance, and visible transmittance (visible light transmission). These rating systems are beyond the scope of this Standard/Specification. Fenestration products excluded from the scope of this Standard/Specification include a) interior windows, interior accessory windows (IAWs), and interior doors; b) vehicular-access doors (garage doors) (see ANSI/DASMA 105, ANSI/DASMA 108, ANSI/DASMA 109, ANSI/DASMA 115, or other applicable DASMA Specifications); c) roof-mounted smoke and heat-relief vents (see FM 4430); d) sloped glazing (other than unit skylights or roof windows) (see AAMA TIR A7); e) curtain walls and storefronts (see AAMA MCWM-1); f) commercial entrance systems (see AAMA SFM-1); g) sunrooms (see AAMA/NPEA/NSA 2100); h) revolving doors; and i) commercial steel doors rated per ANSI/SDI A250.8. 1.3 Terminology In this Standard/Specification, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard/Specification; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; "shall be permitted to be" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard/Specification; and "can" is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and shall be permitted to be written as requirements. Legends to equations and figures are considered requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application. The Preface, Clause 0, commentary and any notes not attached to figures and tables are non-mandatory. 1.4 Units of measurement The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 Clause labels For the convenience of the user, clauses are labelled to indicate the type of performance requirement addressed by the clause.