Preface This is the second edition of CSA Z263.1, Recreational alpine skiing and snowboarding helmets. It replaces the previous edition published in 2008. This Standard specifies testing and performance requirements for recreational alpine skiing and snowboarding helmets. It contains requirements for shock absorption, helmet stability, retention system strength, labelling, and instructions. This Standard was developed in response to a significant increase in the use of helmets for alpine skiing and snowboarding activities in Canada. Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to helmets intended to provide head injury risk reduction for recreational alpine skiers and snowboarders. These helmets can also be worn for other non-motorized recreational snow sport activities. This Standard defines the areas of the head that are to be protected for impact injuries. It covers the basic performance requirements for shock absorption, helmet stability, and retention system strength as well as marking and labelling requirements. 1.2 Visors and detachable accessories are not included in this Standard. 1.3 Although a helmet that meets the requirements of this Standard will help reduce the risk of some types of injuries to the head, protection is limited. Users are responsible for participating in a sport within their abilities and taking into account snow and other environmental conditions, which can vary widely. Compliance with sport safety rules and applicable responsibility codes can help reduce the risk of personal injury. 1.4 In CSA Standards, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and "can" is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.