ISO 11148-9:2011 specifies safety requirements for hand-held non-electric power tools fitted with collets (hereinafter "die grinders") intended for grinding and surface finishing and chamfering using mounted points, burrs and files and small wire brushes and other accessories mounted on shanks. The die grinders can be powered by compressed air, hydraulic fluid or internal combustion engines and are intended to be used by one operator and supported by the operator's hand or hands, with or without a suspension, e.g. a balancer.ISO 11148-9:2011 is applicable to angle die grinders, reciprocating files, rotary files and straight die grinders.ISO 11148-9:2011 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to die grinders when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, with the exception of the use of die grinders in potentially explosive atmospheres.